Random forest-based prediction of decay modes and half-lives of superheavy nuclei

摘要: How nuclides decay in the superheavy region is key information for investigating new elements beyond oganesson and the island of stability. The Random Forest algorithm is applied to study the competition between different decay modes in the superheavy region, including α decay, β⁻ decay, β⁺ decay, electron capture and spontaneous fission. The observed half-lives and dominant decay mode are well reproduced. The dominant decay mode of 96.9 % nuclei beyond ²¹²Po is correctly described. α decay is predicted to be the dominant decay mode for isotopes in new elements Z = 119 − 122, except for spontaneous fission in some even-even ones because of the increased Coulomb repulsion and odd-even effect. The predicted half-lives show the existence of a long-lived spontaneous fission island at the southwest of ²⁹⁸Fl caused by the competition of nuclear deformation and Coulomb repulsion. More understanding of spontaneous fission, especially beyond ²⁸⁶Fl, is crucial to search for new elements and the island of stability.